Governor



Feb. 17. 1925.

C. E. BROMAN GOVERNOR Original Filed Aug. 1}, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 //vvE/v TOE CHFIRLESE.BROMHN Flrr Feb. 17. 1925. 1,526,521

C. E. BROMAN GOVERNOR Original Filed Aug. 13, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Eyi.

INVENIQB CHA RLE s E.BF0MFIN ATTORNEX.

Patented Feb. 11, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

(lHARLES .E. BRO'MAN, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGN- Y MENTS, TO ADD-INDEX CORPORATION, A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

GOVERNOR.

Application filed August 13, 1920, Serial No. 403,433. Renewed July 7, 1924.

To all whom it may con-cm:

Be it known that I, CHARLES E.- BROMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at 546 Lafayette Ave, S. E., Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improyements in Governors, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to a device in the nature of a governor, machine-brake or dash pot or shock absorber to be applied for the regulation of the movement of machine elements so as to prevent destructive action,

especially when such elements are released to be returned to normal position by-a spring or'tlie'like. The invention is especially designed for use in calculating machines to prevent the disorganization, breaking or excessive wear of relativel delicate mechanisms, when used with t e rapidity of expertoperators and with attention only to the movements required for correct results and, without control of or attention to the resetting movements which the machine automatically, performs whenreleased. The principal objects of the invention are to make the device compact, economical of manufacture, elfective and conveniently regulatable as to its retarding andgovern- ;oing force.

With such objects in view as well as other advantages which may be incident, to the use of the improvements, the invention con-' sists in the parts and combinations thereof hereinafter set forth and claimed, With the understanding that the several necessary elements constituting the same may be varied in proportions and arrangement without departing from the nature and scope of the invention.

In order to make the invention more clearly understood there are shown in the accompanying drawings means for carrying the same into practical effect,,without limiting the improvements, in'their useful applications, to the particular constructions which, for the purpose of explanation, have been made the subject of illustration. In the said drawings Fig. 1 is a side view of a governor embodying my invention;

' Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the exterior or cup member thereof.

stricting the path of the ow of the oil.

Fig. 5 is a vertical sectional view of the cover of the cup member showing also a portion of the oscillating member.

F ig. 6 is a vertical section of the body of the oscillating member. I

Fig. 7 is a side view of the same.

Fig. 8 is a bottom plan view'of the same.

Fig. 9 is a top plan View of the same.

Referring to the said drawings, the governor comprises interior and exterior relatively movable elements A and B, respectively, adapted to contain between them oil or the like or any suitable fluid, one of said elements'being fixed and the other being movable and having means whereby it may be connected with the machine element to be controlled. The construction of said elements is such that said relative movement causes a flow of the oil, the friction of said flow and the time required for it causing in turn a more or less gradual motion of the movable element and of the machine part or parts connected'therewith'. The regulation of the governor to exert more or less resistance is performed 1) more or less re- Inthe preferred embodiment of the invention the exterior element is fixed and the interior element is movable and connected as above mentioned.

Said exterior fixed element B is in the form of a cylindrical cup-like casing 1 adapted to contain oil and preferably cast withfeet or brackets 2 by which it can be screwed or attached in place-in or near the machine with which it is to cooperate. The cup is formed or provided with an internal screw thread 3 at its open top, with a seat or bearing 4: for one end of the movable element A and with a fixed partition 5 which is or may be in the form of radially arranged parts extending to the periphery of the cup and having between their inner ends a space (Figs. 2 and 3) in which the movable element A fits in a substantially oiltight manner and so as to have. an oscillatory movement. a

The element A is in the form of ashaft (Figs. 6 to 9) the main portion 6 of which space'in the partition and one end 7 of which is formed to fit as a journal in the seat 4. The ends of the part 6 fit against the bottom of the cup and under side of the cover. The other end of the element A is in the form of a journal 8 adapted to fit in and pass out beyond a stufiing box 9 arranged at the center of atcover 10 (Fig. 5). The cover is formed with a screw thread 11 to fit the thread 3 of the cup and with holes 12 to permit the filling of the cup with oilafter the parts are assembled.

These holes are screw threaded to be sealed by screws (not shown) in a known manner. The outer end of the journal 8 is squared or flattened at 13 to fit within a crank arm 14 so as to be oscillated by the same. The arm 14 is to be connectedby'a link 14 or other suitable means with the part or mechanism which is to be controlled.

The part A is provided with vanes 15 which fill the space between the shaft 6 and the periphery of the cup, each vane being substantially the same size as one of the partition members 5. These vanes turn with the member A for the necessary distances,

not greater than one half a revolution around the axis of the shaft, from near one of the partition members to near the other, thereby compressing each of the two bodies of oil in the cup and tending to vform a vacuum behind each vane. Preferably the vanes 15 are formed in one piece and the element A is longitudinally slotted to receive them, one portion 16 of theslot extending diametrically across the part A and other portions 17 of the slot extending only slightly into the surface of the shaft ,6. (Figs. 4 and 8.) As described so far the shaft element would be held from turning by the incompressibility of the oil, but I provide for a regulated circulation of the same through restricted passages leading" through and across the shaft 6, and arranged so that there shall be an oil passage from the oil space in front of either vane, where there is compression, to the spaces behind the other vanes where there is a tendency to the making of vacuums. The pressure and vacuum spacesv are reversed when the direction of rotation of the vanes is reversed, the pressure spaces then becoming vacuum spaces and vice versa. The passages effect the same result if they extend from the pressure space in front of one vane to the vacuum space behind the same vane,

and in my construction both arrangements exist so that the oil canflow in either or both of the two manners above described.

Referring to Fig. 8 in which the passages are shown in dotted lines, and supposing the valve there shown to be turning in the direction of the arrow, the oil may flow in at the opening a and out at the opening I) to the space behind the other vane, or it may flow, out 'at the opening 0 to the space behind the same vane which compressed it so that the governor ,is very accurate and infallible in operation. I efi'ect these results by forming the. passages'as radial and elongated slots a, b, c and d, milled and rounded out in the body ofthe shaft 6 (Figs. 6 and 7) and communicating at their inner ends with a common central chamber 18 bored longitudinally in the valve. When this chamber is entirely open there is great freedom of flow of the oil by reason of the arrangement and construction of the slots and their capacity for accommodating the easiest flow of the oil, and in this condition the governor and the control arm 14 will turn with little resistance and quickly. But I provide for a graduated regulation of the communication afiorded by the chamber 18 so thatthe resistance of the governor may be readily increased even to the point of practical innnovability. I effect this adjustment by a screw whose inner end 19 (Fig. 4) may fill the chamber 18 and close the inner ends of all of the passages, and whose outer part 20 has a screw threaded engagement within the journal 8.

21 is a lock nut on the screw part 20 and bearing against a washer 22 which confines the arm 14 and also bears against the end of the journal 8. This lock nut when tightened will maintain the screw 19, 20 in fixed position for any desired resistance and speed of the governor. 23 is a ring which fits around the slotted end of the shaft end 7, below the vanes, to keep said part from spreading. This ring fits within the seat 4. Ordinarily it is never required that the screw end 19 shall cut off the oil passages entirely, and in Fig. 4 it is shown long enough to reduce the oil slots to about one third of their full opening, but the screw may be of such greater length as to still further reduce such opening, according to theresistance which the governor is desired to give.

The stufling box is formed by an upstanding flange 24 formed 01? the cover and externally threaded to receive a cap nut 25, which llt so that the washer is forced tightly against the journal 8 to retain all oil.

It will be understood from the foregoing that in order to decrease the resistance of the governor and increase the rapidity of movement of the controlled part the screw 19, 20 is turned so as to be backed out and open more of the chamber 18 to the oil-flow slots, and the contrary effect is produced by adjusting the screw inward. It will be seen that the elongated inner ends of the oil-flow slots, having relatively long openings against and controlled by the valve portion 19, permits a very accurate and fine adjustment of the governor, because a turn of the screw 20 and adapted to'be connected with and actudoes not open or close any great proportion of the slot openings. Also the flaring nature 'of the slots as; well as their'longitudinal extent prevents their being clogged. The oil is at'times forced outward through the slots thereby driving any clogging matter towards the .larger portions of the slots and freeing them 'fr om obstruction. I refer to the adjustable screw portion 19 as a-valve, it having such function in connection with the elongated inner openings of the oil flow pre'ssionsand exhaustion in said oil spaces when relative oscillatory movement is imparted to said members, one of said members being oscillatory relative to the other and adapted to be connected with and actuated by a part or mechanism which is to be ,controlled. 7

4. In an oscillatory fluid governor for calculating machines and other purposes, the combination of exterior and interior menu bers having between them oil spaces, said inslots; and it is to be understood that aid terior member being formed with elongated valve 19 may be adjusted by any suitable means other than the screw threads which are illustrated.

- What is claimed is 1. In -an oscillatory fluid governor for calculating machines and other purposes, the combination of exterior and interior members having between them oil spaces, f said interior member being formed with outwardly flaring passages leading from said oil spaces and having a chamber with which said passages communicate, a valve element in said chamber and adjustable to close more or less of said passages, said exterior and interior members having means for producing compression and exhaustion in said oil spaces when relative oscillatory movement is imparted't'o' said vmembers, one of said members being oscillatory relative to the other'and adapted to be connected with and actuated by a part or mechanism which is to be controlled a 2. In an oscillatory fluid governor for calculating machines and other purposes, the combination of exterior and interior members having; between them oil spaces, said interior member being formed with out- -wardly flaring slots leading from said oil spaces and havinga chamber with which said slots communicate by 'elongated'openings, a valve element in said chamber and adjustable to close more or less of said elongated openings, said exterior and interior members having means for producing compression and exhaustion in said oil spaces when relative oscillatory .movement is imparted to said members, one of said members being o'scillatoryrelative to the other ated by a part or mechanism which is to be controlled. 3.- In ahjoscillatory fluid governor for callculatin'g machines and other purposes, the combination of exterior and interior members having between them oil spaces, said interior member being formedwith elongated narrow slots leading from said oil spaces and having a chamber with which said slots communicate by elongated openings, a valve element'in said chamber and adjustable to close more or less of said elongatedopenings, said exterior and interior members hav1ng"means for producing comnarrow slots leading from said oil spaces and having a chamber with which said slots coni municate by elongated openings, a valve element in said chamber and adjustable to close more or less of said elongated openings, said exterior and interior members having means for producing compression and exhaustion in said oil spaces when relative oscillatory movement is imparted to the inner member, said inner member being oscillatory relative to the other and adapted to be connected with and actuated by a part or mechanisn'i which is to'be controlled.

5. A rotary element for afluid governor, in the form of a shaft having oil passages therethrough and 'exteriorly slotted, and

vanes formed by a plate, the innerparts of whichare seated in the slots and a portion of which extend through the slot to connect one vane with the other. 6.' In a rotary fluid governor, the combination of a cup rovided with interior dividing walls, a 1i for said cup, a shaft mounted to rotate in the cup and extending through said lid, the portion of said shaft that is within the cup being provided withoil passages extended longitudinally in the direction of the axis of the overnor and with a chamber running para lel with the axis of the shaft and crossing the inner ports of said passages, radially extending vanes fastened to the shaft within the cup, and a screw within said chamber to the shaft and adjustable in the direction of the longitudinal extension of said passages to regulate the flow of fluid through said pass es.

In an oscillatory fluid governor for calculatin machines and other purposes, the combination of ,exterior and interior members having between them oil spaces,

said. interior member being formed with pairs of oil passages leading from said'p l spaces and having a chamber with wnlcn said slots communicate, said exterior and interior members having fixed and movable vanes defining said oil spaces for producing compression and exhaustion insaid oil spaces when relative oscillatory movement is imparted to said members, one of said members being oscillatory relative to the other and adapted to be connected with and actuated by a part or mechanism which isto be controlled, said oil passages opening into said oil spaces near to and at'each side of the vanes of said interior member.

8. In a rotary fluid governor, the combination of a cup provided with an interior p'atrtition, a lid for said cup, a shaft mounted to rotate in the on and extending through the lid, the portlon of said shaft that is within the cup being exteriorly slotted and having interior slots milled radially thereinto, a chamber running parallel with said radial slots and crossing the ports thereof, vanes inserted in said exterior slot, and a screw working in said chamber of the shaft and a lock nut for holding the screw in adjusted position.

' 9. In an oscillatory fluid governor for cal culating machines and other purposes, the combination of exterior and interior mem-. bers having between them oil spaces, said interior member being formed with pairs of oil passages leading from said oil spaces and having a chamberwith which said slots communicate, said exterior i and interior I members havmg fixed and movable vanes defining saidoil spaces for producing compression and exhaustion in said oil spaces when relative oscillatory movement is imparted to said members, one of said members calculatin being oscillatory relative to the other and adapted to be connected with and actuated by a part or mechanism which is to be controlled, said oil passages opening into said oil spaces near to and at each side of the vanes of said interior member, and a longitudinally adjustable, valve member in said chamber adapted torestrict or enlarge the inner ends of said oil passages.

10. In an oscillatory fluid governor for machines and other purposes, the combination of exterior and interior members having between them oil spaces,

said interior member being formed with pairs of elongated inwardly tapering slots leading from said oil s aces and having a chamber with which sai slots communicate,

CHARLES BROMAN. 

